An Islamic Eschatological Doctrine
Yes, Muslims unequivocally believe that Jesus, the son of Mary, will descend from the heavens to earth before the Day of Judgment. This is a core tenet of Islamic eschatology, based on definitive texts from the Qur’an and the Prophetic traditions (Hadith).
"وَإِنَّهُ لَعِلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ فَلَا تَمْتَرُنَّ بِهَا وَاتَّبِعُونِ ۚ هَٰذَا صِرَاطٌ مُسْتَقِيمٌ""And indeed, he [Jesus] will be a sign for [the coming of] the Hour. So do not doubt it, and follow Me. This is a straight path." (Qur’an 43:61)Many classical commentators interpret "عِلْمٌ لِلسَّاعَةِ" (a sign for the Hour) as referring to his descent, making it a major portent of the Day of Judgment.
His Descent: Jesus will descend physically near the white minaret in the eastern side of Damascus (or according to some narrations, in Jerusalem), with his hands resting on the wings of two angels.
His Role as a Just Ruler: He will arrive at a time of great turmoil, when the world is plagued by the deception of the False Messiah (Al-Masīḥ al-Dajjāl). Jesus will defeat and kill the Dajjāl. He will then rule the earth with justice, implementing the Islamic law (Shari'ah).
A Unifier of the Ummah: He will lead the Muslims in prayer. A famous hadith states: "How will you be when the son of Mary descends amongst you and your Imam is from among yourselves?" (Bukhārī). This indicates he will lead the Muslim community but under the overall framework of Islam's finality.
Establishing Peace and Blessing: His era will be marked by unprecedented peace, prosperity, and justice. Specific signs include:
The elimination of all enmity and hatred.
The breaking of the cross (understood as ending the false creed of divinity ascribed to him).
The abolition of the Jizyah (poll tax), because faith in its true form will be universally accepted, leaving no need for a covenant with People of the Book under those terms.
Abundance of wealth where charity will have no claimants.
Universal safety and harmony among all creatures (e.g., wolves living peacefully with sheep).
His Death: After a reign of 40 years (as per some narrations), Jesus will die a natural death and will be buried alongside the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in Medina. His death will be one of the final major signs before the establishment of the Hour.
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